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Thursday, July 24, 2014

UN report: Inequality high in Malaysia


Hard times have befallen bottom 40 percent of Malaysian society, with inequality in the country “high or rising”, a United Nations Development Program (UNDP) report says.

According to the Human Development Report 2014 released in Tokyo today, Malaysia is on the high end of the inequality spectrum.

This is despite the country ranking 62 out of the 168 studied, making Malaysia a country with “high human development”.

According to the report, growth in consumption for the poorest 40 percent in Malaysia is much slower compared to the general population.

The bottom 40 percent’s consumption grew by about eight percent between 2005 to 2010, while the population’s consumption grew by about 14 percent in the same period.

This is worse than China and Uganda, which the report said also has high and rising inequality.

For example, consumption growth in China for the poorest 40 percent is about eight percent, compared to the population’s consumption growth of eight percent for the same period.

Inequality, the report says, can lead to conflict and violence especially if it prosperity is only reported in certain sections of community.

However, it said Malaysia has in place policies, which has helped address inequality, like redistribution of government-owned land, restriction of land ownership and public sector employment quota.

Side-effects of pro-bumi policies

Such policies, however, had “unintended consequences”, the report says, including the exodus of a million highly-skilled Malaysians mostly due to pro-bumiputera policies.

Most of the emigrants, the report said, are ethnic Chinese and highly-educated.

It said that 60 percent of skilled Malaysian emigrants “cited social injustice as an important reason for leaving”.

“The positive discrimination policies favouring the ethnic Malays, or bumiputeras, in Malaysia over the dominant Chinese and minority Indian populations have improved their access to education and jobs and helped them more fully realize their
economic potential.

“Yet Malaysia’s Chinese and Indian minority citizens chafe at 70  percent quotas in university admissions, flocking instead to private and foreign schools and often staying away from the country.”

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